Two-Dimensional Echocardiographic Atlas

This atlas is a comprehensive compendium of congeni- and two-dimensional echocardiographic examples. The tal cardiac morphology as depicted by tomographic two- examples and experience span all ages and may be used dimensional echocardiography. Anatomic specimens by both pediatric and adult cardiologists. The intended cut in planes of section corresponding to the echocar- emphasis is on tomographic morphology and not on diographic views help in the understanding of the echo- specialty applications such as fetal, contrast, or Dop- cardiographic sections. Composite photographs relate pler echocardiography. different planes of section or cardiac events. Still-frame The tomographic approach to congenital anomalies is photography cannot always adequately relate real-time the imaging modality of the 80s and is applicable to echocardiography, computerized tomography, and imaging events. However, the emphasis of this text is to demonstrate the tomographic morphology and no at- magnetic resonance imaging. It is the building block tempt is made to discuss in detail functional or physio- from which the expected three-dimensional imaging logic events. techniques of the 1990s will be developed. The wide- spread clinical application of these imaging modalities Those performing two-dimensional echocardiography should have a working knowledge of cardiac anatomy has rekindled interest in cardiac anatomy and pathol- and common congenital aberrations. This is an in-depth ogy, particularly in the evaluation of patients with con- tomographic atlas not only of the common congenital genital heart disease.