The Unique U.S.-Russian Relationship in Biological Science and Biotechnology

In the fall of 2010, the U.S. National Academies (consisting of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine) and the Russian Academy of Sciences (in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences and the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences) initiated a joint study of U.S.-Russian bilateral engagement in the biological sciences and biotechnology (hereinafter collectively referred to as bioengagement). The U.S. Department of State and the Russian Academy of Sciences provided support for the study. The academies established a joint committee of 12 leading scientists from the two countries to assess bioengagement activities since 1996 and to provide recommendations as to collaborative efforts in the near future. The Unique U.S.-Russian Relationship in Biological Science and Biotechnology: Recent Experience and Future Directions summarizes the principal conclusions and recommendations of the study.Table of ContentsFront MatterSummaryIntroduction1 Importance of U.S.-Russian Bioengagement2 Ensuring Appropriate Use of Biological Assets3 Advancing the Frontiers of Biological Research4 Applications of Science in the Public and Private Sectors5 Programs with Regional and Global Reaches6 Impacts of Bilateral Programs and Projects7 Impediments in Carrying Out Approved and Funded CollaborativeProjects8 Lessons Learned9 Strategies and Coordination10 Recommendations for Future BioengagementAppendix A: Available ResourcesAppendix A.1: Biographical Sketches of Committee MembersAppendix A.2: Relevant Reports of National Academies, Books, andOther PublicationsAppendix A.3: Organizations ConsultedAppendix B: Examples of U.S.-Russian Agreements of SpecialRelevance for BioengagementAppendix C: Activities in Bioengagement of Selected U.S. GovernmentDepartments and AgenciesAppendix C.1: Department of StateAppendix C.2: Defense Threat Reduction AgencyAppendix C.3: Department of EnergyAppendix C.4: Department of Health and Human Services(Biotechnology Engagement Program)Appendix C.5: National Institutes of HealthAppendix C.6: Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAppendix C.7: National Science FoundationAppendix C.8: United States Agency for International DevelopmentAppendix C.9: Environmental Protection AgencyAppendix C.10: Agricultural Research ServiceAppendix C.11: Fish and Wildlife ServiceAppendix D: Interest of Selected Russian Research Institutions withActive Bioengagement ProgramsAppendix D.1: State Research Center of Virology and BiotechnologyVectorAppendix D.2: All-Russian Research Institute of PhytopathologyAppendix D.3: Research Institute of InfluenzaAppendix D.4: Selected Institutes of the Siberian Branch of theRussian Academy of SciencesAppendix E: Activities of Other OrganizationsAppendix E.1: Bilateral Presidential CommissionAppendix E.2: International Science and Technology CenterAppendix E.3: Skolkovo Foundation and Innovation CenterAppendix E.4: Skolkovo Institute of Science and TechnologyAppendix E.5: Rusnano and Other Russian InvestorsAppendix F: Other Topics of InterestAppendix F.1: U.S.-Russian Joint Peer-Reviewed Articles, Reviews,and Conference Proceedings (At least one Russian and one Americanauthor) (20002012)Appendix F.2: Russian Research Personnel and FundingAppendix F.3: Russia's Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology SectorsAppendix F.4: Assessment of Developments in Agrobiotechnology inthe United States and RussiaAppendix F.5: Scientific Forum for Biomedical and BehavioralResearchAppendix F.6: Funding and Related Mechanisms