Baxter, J: The Archaeology of American Childhood and Adoles

This is the first book to focus on archaeological evidence from the recent past related to children, childhood, and adolescence. Jane Baxter, a foremost authority on the archaeology of historic American childhood, synthesizes the growing variety of ways researchers have been approaching the topic, guiding readers through an abundance of current data on the experiences of children in American history. Baxter begins with a historical overview of the changing views on child-rearing and definitions of childhood from colonial times to the present, contextualizing the archaeological evidence used to piece together the lived experiences of children. Next, she examines archaeological studies of children from household environments--including farms, plantations, urban settings, industrial communities, and military sites--which offer the opportunity to explore the roles children played at home, at times making essential contributions for the survival of their families. She also looks at studies from institutions where children have resided, such as orphanages, poorhouses, asylums, Japanese internment camps, and Indian boarding schools. Children placed in these institutions were subject to control by adults charged with their care, and the disciplinary policies administered within them demonstrate prevailing ideals on how children should be cared for. Additionally, Baxter includes research on children buried in cemeteries, showing what their skeletal remains and gravemarkers can reveal about the importance of children in past communities. Baxter concludes by featuring studies of present-day childhood, pointing out how today's physical environments and material objects reflect ideas about children that come from a long historical legacy. She argues that the history of America can be understood through the stories of the nation's children--and that with the unique insights provided by archaeological evidence, these stories can be more fully told. A volume in the series the American Experience in Archaeological Perspective, edited by Michael S. Nassaney