Synthesis of biosorbents for removals of floride & sulphate from water

The fresh water contains 3% in the worldwide. Human and industrial activities produce and discharge wastes containing Sulphur and fluoride metals into the water resources making them polluted and threatening human health and ecosystem. Conventional methods for the removal of Sulphur and fluoride metal ions such as chemical precipitation and membrane filtration are more expensive when treating large amounts of water, inefficient at low concentrations of metal and generate large quantities of sludge and other toxic products that require careful disposal. Bio-sorption is eco-friendly and alternative methods for treatment of waste water. These methods have advantages over conventional methods because it has a lower cost, easily available and reused. The present work studies the feasibility use of neem leaf, custard apple leaf, mango tree leaf, orange peel and banana peel as a bio-sorbent in removal of Sulphur and fluoride from contaminated water. The removal efficiency is 100%obtained from this work. The effects of different parameters like contact time, agitation speed, adsorbent dosage, pH and temperature are also studie