Scribes Et Erudits Dans L'Orbite de Babylone

French description: Entre 1600 et 1200 av. J.-C, six empires dominent alternativement au Proche-Orient: en Mesopotamie, la Babylonie kassite et lAssyrie, dans le nord de la Mesopotamie et en Syrie, le Mittanni, en Iran, lElam, au Levant sud, lEgypte, et en Anatolie et en Syrie, le hatti. Cette epoque marque lapogee de la diffusion de lecriture et des langues mesopotamiennes: la langue internationale est lakkadien et dans chaque grande cour se trouvent des scribes formes a la culture ecrite mesopotamienne. Dans le cadre dun projet ANR, Mesperiph (2007-2011), nous avons tente de mettre en evidence les mecanismes de limplantation de cette culture, essentiellement ecrite, a linstigation des erudits et potentats locaux. Au cours des deux premieres annees du projet, plusieurs des etudes entreprises ont ete achevees et il semblait opportun de les reunir dores et deja dans une premiere publication. Ces etudes, relativement diverses mais essentiellement consacrees aux royaumes syriens sous domination hittite, sont presentees ici et regroupees suivant trois axes developpes dans le projet: les voies de transmission et lidentification de ses acteurs, la reception du fonds culturel mesopotamien et les processus dadaptation aux realites et aux usages locaux. Une deuxieme publication, tenant compte des avancees dans les dossiers etudies dans ce premier volume mais aussi incluant de nouvelles etudes, notamment sur lElam et le hatti, est dores et deja preparee et paraitra dans un avenir proche, marquant ainsi la conclusion du projet. English summary: Between 1600 and 1200 BC six empires consecutively dominate the Near East: Assyria and Kassite Babylonia in Mesopotamia proper, Mittanni in Syria and Upper Mesopotamia, Elam in Iran, Egypt in the southern Levant, and hatti in Syro-Anatolia. This period marked the apogee of the diffusion of Mesopotamian writing and the languages associated with it: Akkadian was the international lingua franca and in the courts of the great powers could be found scribes trained in Mesopotamian writing. Over the course of the Mesperiph project (funded by the French Agence nationale de la recherche 2007-2011), we have attempted to identify some of the mechanisms by means of which this essentially written foreign culture was imported and implanted by local scholars, rulers, and elites. Several of the studies undertaken during the first two years of the project are published in the present volume. Their subject matter, somewhat diverse though essentially concerning Late Bronze Syria under Hittite domination, is organized according to the three themes developed in the project: scribes and their schools, regional reinterpretations of Mesopotamian standard references (knowledge and techniques), and the processes of adaptation (the use of Mesopotamian languages and writing for local non-Mesopotamian realities). A second publication, including not only further installments of the dossiers studied in this volume, but also new studies, notably on Elam and hatti, is already prepared and will be published in the near future, marking the conclusion of the Mesperiph project.