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Beskrivelse
Rhabdomyolysis is a condition characterized by the rapid dissolution of damaged or injured muscle fibers, leading to the release of intracellular muscle constituents into the circulation. This can cause various complications, such as renal (kidney) failure and irregular heartbeat. The pathogenesis is believed to be due to direct invasion and toxic degeneration of muscle fibers, and any microbe that causes sepsis and toxic shock may potentiate muscle damage and necrosis. Common causes of rhabdomyolysis include trauma, exertion, muscle hypoxia, infections, metabolic and electrolyte disorders, drugs, toxins, and genetic defects.Diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis is primarily done through blood tests, which measure the muscle protein creatine kinase (CK or creatine phosphokinase [CPK]). Repeated blood tests for CK are the only accurate test for rhabdomyolysis. Symptoms of rhabdomyolysis may include muscle cramps, aches, or pains that are more severe than expected, dark urine (tea- or cola-colored), and feeling weak or tired, unable to complete job tasks or finish a workout routine.
Treatment for rhabdomyolysis depends on the severity of the condition. Less severe cases can be treated with:
- Drinking fluids
- Getting out of the heat
- Resting
Moderate to severe cases may require intravenous (IV) fluids and hospital admission. IV fluids help flush out muscle proteins and electrolytes, preventing dangerous heart rhythms and loss of kidney function. At a hospital, medical professionals can monitor and treat severe cases for abnormal heart rhythms, decreased kidney function, seizures, elevated compartment pressures, and high potassium levels. Prompt treatment is essential for a better recovery, and most rhabdomyolysis patients return to work in a few days without any lasting effects.
