Prevention of banking risks

Over the past thirty years, the banking system has changed dramatically and banking regulations have changed. The banking system has changed as a result of the move of the state and increased competition between institutions on the one hand and foreign competition on the other. At the same time, the nature of banking regulation has changed, in fact the banking activity was framed by a law that separated between the types of deposit banks. These reforms were manifested by the abolition of credit and exchange controls, and new modes of regulation based on management standards supposed to guarantee the solvency of institutions. These standards were defined by the Basel Committee, composed of representatives of central banks and regulatory authorities from several countries. This committee is the author of the recommendations known as Basel I (1988) and Basel II (2006), which are applied on a global scale. But following the crisis of 2009, which affected the global banking sector, the latter showed the limits of this banking system regulated by standards not yet shared by the financial and banking actors.