Organic Structural Spectroscopy

Chapter 1 Introduction

1-1 The Spectroscopic Approach to Structure Determination

1-2 Contributions of Different Forms of Spectroscopy

1-3 The Electromagnetic Spectrum

1-4 Molecular Weight and Molecular Formula

1-5 Structural Isomers and Stereoisomers

Problems

Part I NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

Chapter 2 Introduction

2-1 Magnetic Properties of Nuclei

2-2 The Chemical Shift

2-3 Excitation and Relaxation

2-4 Pulsed Experiments

2-5 The Coupling Constant

2-6 Quantification and Complex Splitting

2-7 Commonly Studied Nuclides

2-8 Dynamic Effects

2-9 Spectra of Solids

2-10 Experimental Methods

Problems

Tips on Solving NMR Problems

Bibliography

Chapter 3 The Chemical Shift

3-1 Factors That Influence Proton Shifts

3-2 Proton Chemical Shifts and Structure

3-3 Medium and Isotope Effects

3-4 Factors That Influence Carbon Shirts

3-5 Carbon Chemical Shifts and Structure

3-6 Tables of Chemical Shifts

Problems

Further Tips on Solving NMR Problems

Bibliography

Chapter 4 The Coupling Constant

4-1 First-Order Spectra

4-2 Chemical and Magnetic Equivalence

4-3 Signs and Mechanisms

4-4 Couplings over One Bond

4-5 Geminal Couplings

4-6 Vicinal Couplings

4-7 Long-Range Couplings

4-8 Spectral Analysis

4-9 Second-Order Spectra

4-10 Tables of Coupling Constants

Problems

Bibliography

Chapter 5 Further Topics in One-Dimensional NMR

5-1 Spin-Lattice and Spin-Spin Relaxation

5-2 Reactions on the NMR Time Scale

5-3 Multiple Resonance

5-4 The Nuclear Overhauser Effect

5-5 Spectral Editing

5-6 Sensitivity Enhancement

5-7 Carbon Connectivity

5-8 Phase Cycling, Composite Pulses, and Shaped Pulses

Problems

Bibliography

Chapter 6 Two-Dimensional NMR

6-1 Proton-Proton Correlation Through Coupling

6-2 Proton-Heteronucleus Correlation

6-3 Proton-Proton Correlation Through Space or Chemical Exchange

6-4 Carbon-Carbon Correlation

6-5 Higher Dimensions

6-6 Pulsed Field Gradients

6-7 Summary of Two-Dimensional Methods

Problems

Bibliography

Part II MASS SPECTROMETRY

Chapter 7 Instrumentation and Theory

7-1 Introduction

7-2 Ionization Methods

7-3 Mass Analysis

7-4 Sample Preparation

Chapter 8 Ion Activation and Fragmentation

8-1 Basic Principles

8-2 Methods and Energetics

8-3 Functional Groups

Chapter 9 Structural Analysis

9-1 Molecular Weights

9-2 Molecular Formula

9-3 Structures from Fragmentation Patterns

9-4 Polymers

Chapter 10 Quantitative Applications

10-1 Quantification of Analytes

10-2 Thermochemistry

Part III VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY

Chapter 11 Introduction

11-1 Introd