Next Steps for Functional Genomics

One of the holy grails in biology is the ability to predict functional characteristics from an organism's genetic sequence. Despite decades of research since the first sequencing of an organism in 1995, scientists still do not understand exactly how the information in genes is converted into an organism's phenotype, its physical characteristics. Functional genomics attempts to make use of the vast wealth of data from "-omics" screens and projects to describe gene and protein functions and interactions. A February 2020 workshop was held to determine research needs to advance the field of functional genomics over the next 10-20 years. Speakers and participants discussed goals, strategies, and technical needs to allow functional genomics to contribute to the advancement of basic knowledge and its applications that would benefit society. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Introduction2 The GenotypePhenotype Challenge3 Case Studies on Building Functional Genomics Tools in DiverseSystems4 Understanding the Contributions of Non-Protein-Coding DNA toPhenotype5 Advancing Research on the Environmental Regulation of GeneFunction6 Predicting Current and Future Sources of Variation inQuantitative Traits7 Interpreting and Validating Results from High-ThroughputScreening Approaches8 Large Databases and Consortia9 Big-Picture Challenges in Research, Education, and Training10 Future of Functional GenomicsReferencesAppendix A: Statement of TaskAppendix B: Workshop AgendaAppendix C: Planning Committee BiographiesAppendix D: Speaker BiographiesAppendix E: Acronyms and Abbreviations