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Perestroika, the "brainchild" of Mikhail Gorbachev, is it the collapse of the country or "transition to democracy"? The figure of Gorbachev causes a constant wave of disagreements in Russian society about the assessment of his role in the country's history. In 2008, former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev was awarded the Freedom Medal in the US for his personal contribution to the end of the Cold War and for giving hope and freedom to millions of people behind the Iron Curtain. In 2011, Gorbachev was awarded the Franz Josef Strauss Prize in Munich for his contribution to overcoming the conflict between West and East, and in December of the same year, on the initiative of the All-Ukrainian Association "For Ukraine, Belarus, Russia" (ZUBR), the Founding Congress for the Establishment of the International Committee and the International Tribunal against the Genocide of Slavs and Other Peoples was held in Kiev. And the first to answer for the total extermination of the Slavs and other peoples of the USSR (and not only) should be Mikhail Gorbachev, the first and last president, devoted and destroyed by him USSR. Disruption of perestroika occurred because of GKChP and those who took advantage of the putsch for the collapse of the state, this was stated in 2020 by former Soviet President Gorbachev.