Mechanisms of Oncogenesis

Thisvolumeisacontinuationoftheencyclopedicworkentitled"CancerGrowthand Progression,"thatwasoriginallyeditedbyProfessorHansE. Kaiser. Asatributeto thememoryofDr. Kaiserandhiscontributionstothe eld,thisneweditionisf- lowinghisexampleofprovidingthemostcurrentinformationaboutcancerliterature andcomprehensivecoverageofallaspectsoftumorgrowthandprogression. Thisparticulartomeisdividedintotwosections:the rstaddressinggeneralcauses ofoncogenesissuchasenvironmentalfactorsandtumormechanisms;andthesecond addressingtheoncogenicmechanismsoftumorinspeci corgans. Thisbookiswr- tenandcompiledbyworldrenownedleadersintheirrespective eldsandfocuseson themostrecentdevelopmentsinbasiconcogenesis. Thisde nitivetextwillprovide thepractitioner,whetherinresearch,academiaorclinicalpractice,withafountof easilyaccessibleinformationonthemostcommontumors. v Contents 1 Cytokines and Stressors: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy 1 AlexanderW. KusnecovandHymieAnisman 2 The Role of Oncogene Activation in Tumor Progression...19 MichaelJ. GrayandGaryE. Gallick 3 Carcinogenic Effects of Ionising Radiation...43 ArthurC. Upton 4 Chemical Carcinogenesis Role of Chloroform - Further Studies. . 63 ElizabethK.Weisburger 5 Use of Organ Explant and Cell Culture in Cancer Research ...71 EricJ. Kort,ChristineR. Moore,EricA. Hudson, BrandonLeeser,JamesH. Resau,G. M. Yerushalmi, R. Leibowitz-Amit,GaliaTsarfaty,IlanTsarfaty,andSharonMoskovitz 6 Chromosomal Abnormalities in Selected Hematopoietic Malignancies Detected by Conventional and Molecular Cytogenetics: Diagnostic and Prognostic Signi cance...89 HonFongL. Mark,SusanaC. Raimondi,andRobertSokolic 7 Mechanisms of Cancer Growth and Progression in Lymphoma...115 MojdehNaghashpourandLynnC. Moscinski 8 Pediatric Cancer Mechanisms of Cancer Growth and Progression . 129 EnidGilbert-BarnessandPawiniKhanna 9 Carcinogenetic Pathway of Malignant Melanoma ...149 KennethB. CalderandMichaelB. Morgan 10 Ewing Sarcoma: Molecular Characterization and Potential Molecular Therapeutic Targets ...159 MarilynM. BuiandPaulJ. Zhang 11 Molecular Mechanisms of Central Nervous System Metastasis...167 NicoleD. Riddle,MumtazVRojiani,StevenBrem, andAmynM. Rojiani 12 Carcinogenesis of Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma...179 DahuiQin vii viii Contents 13 Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy and Breast Cancer - Clinicopathologic Associations and Molecular Mechanisms ...187 GezaAcsandMichaelJ. Wagoner 14 Carcinogenesis of Lung Cancer ...203 JeffreyAufmanandFarahKhalil 15 Genesis of Barrett's Neoplasia: Current Concepts...213 DomenicoCoppola,NellyA. Nasir,andLeslieTurner 16 Genesis of Pancreatic Ductal Neoplasia...225 BarbaraA. CentenoandGregoryM. Springett 17 Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasms...237 OmieMills,NellyA. Nasir,JonathanR. Strosberg, LarryK.