Manual on Experimental Methods for Mechanical Testing of Composites

References Liquid-metal strain gages can be fabricated in either single- or delta-rosette configurations. Their main advantages are their low stiffness (essential for 1. Beatty, M.F. and Chewning, S. W., 'Numerical Analysis of the Reinforcement Effect of a Strain Gage Applied to a Soft use on composites with soft, elastomeric matrices) Material,' Int. J. Eng. Sci., 17, 907-915 (1979). and high elongation (at least 50 percent). Their prin- 2. Pugin, V.A., 'Electrical Strain Gauges for Measuring Large cipal disadvantages are a short shelf life and a Deformations,' Soviet Rubber Industry, 19 (1), 23-26 (1960). nonlinear calibration curve. 3. Janssen, M.L. and Walter, J.D., 'Rubber Strain Measurements in Bias, Belted Bias and Radial Ply Tires,' J. Coated Fibrous Mat., 1, 102-117 (1971). 4. Patel, H.P., Turner, J.L., and Walter, J.D., 'Radial Tire Cord-Rubber Composite,' Rubber Chem. and Tech., 49, Acknowledgments 1095-1110 (1976). 5. Stone, J.E., Madsen, N.H., Milton, J.L., Swinson, W.F., and Turner, J.L., 'Developments in the Design and Use of Liquid-Metal Strain Gages,' EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS, 23, The author acknowledges helpful suggestions by 129-139 (1983). Dr. Joseph D. Walter of Firestone Central Research 6. Whitney, R.J., 'The Measurement of Volume Changes in Human Limbs, ' J. Physiology, 121, 1-27 (1953).