Hydrometeorological Study of the Himalayan region

Precipitation provides the basic input for hydrological studies. However, it varies greatly in space and time within a range of mountains and also from one mountain range to another. The hydrological processes can not be properly estimated until distribution of precipitation is known. The mountainous environment in comparison to the plain areas has strong impact on precipitation distribution. In the mountainous regions orography provides necessary uplift to the moisture laden currents striking against a mountain or chain of mountains which results in copious rainfall on the windward side of mountains. The Himalayas have a profound effect on the climate of the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan plateau. Review of studies on precipitation distribution over Himalayas due to heavy rainspells has shown that a good number of studies have been carried out regarding different aspects of Himalayan climatology. Such studies are very important for planning, design and operation of water resources and hydro-electric power projects in the region.