Harvest Slash, Fertiliser and Lime Effects on Pinus patula

The use of tree toppings and branches to sustain timber productivity over mid-long rotations at minimal cost of fertilizer and ameliorate applications. These tree topping replenishes top and sub soil fertility and maintains soil structure. Slash burning effects plus fertilizer application give yields equivalent to slash retained treatment without any fertilizer or ameliorate application. This technique of retained slash minimizes air pollution that comes with slash burn during tree stand establishment.