Happy boy

mutiny and murder, thus becoming the first Europeans to permanently inhabit the continent.[65] In 1770, Captain James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named ""New South Wales"" and claimed for Great Britain.[66]

Following the loss of its American colonies in 1783, the British Government sent a fleet of ships, the First Fleet, under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip, to establish a new penal colony in New South Wales. A camp was set up and the Union flag raised at Sydney Cove, Port Jackson, on 26 January 1788,[67][68] a date which later became Australia's national day. Most early convicts were transported for petty crimes and assigned as labourers or servants to ""