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This book analyzes the main problems in the real-timecontrol of parallel hybrid electric powertrains in non-road applications thatwork in continuous high dynamic operation. It also provides practical insightsinto maximizing the energy efficiency and drivability of such powertrains.It introduces anenergy-management control structure, which considers all the physicalpowertrain constraints and uses novel methodologies to predict the future loadrequirements to optimize the controller output in terms of the entire workcycle of a non-road vehicle. The load prediction includes a methodology forshort-term loads as well as cycle detection methodology for an entire loadcycle. In this way, the energy efficiency can be maximized, and fuelconsumption and exhaust emissions simultaneously reduced.Readers gain deepinsights into the topics that need to be considered in designing an energy andbattery management system for non-road vehicles. It also becomes clear thatonly a combination of management systems can significantly increase theperformance of a controller.