Divine Will and Predestination

Divine Will and Predestination sets out to discuss these topics using the notions of fate and human free will and explores the understanding of the subject developed by difference of opinions of Muslim, Christian, and Jewish theologians and the philosophers of the East and West, with research analysis based on historic perspectives-a unique approach not adopted by the authors of different literary works and books on this topic. Besides providing a critical assessment based on literature research, this book highlights the classical interpretation of the article of faith in the light of Quranic verses and prophetic traditions and concludes with describing the impact of belief in this fundamental article of faith on the life of the believers.

The methodology adopted in this book is new and challenging. The religious believers of different faiths as well as non-religious people may find this subject difficult and struggle with the understanding of its concepts. This book will be able to provide a comprehensive understanding of this difficult subject to the readers.



About the Author

Dr. Shahid Babar is a Medical Physician and chief of Division of General Internal Medicine at Penn Medicine. He is a fellow of American College of Physicians and fellow of Society of Hospital Medicine. He completed his Master of Business Administration degree from George Washington University, Washington, DC, and holds a master's degree in Islamic studies from American Open University, Washington, DC. He teaches medical residents and students at Penn Medicine, and provides Islamic and Quran educational programs at Islamic Community Center of Lancaster and other Islamic centers in Pennsylvania.