Agricultural Research Updates. Volume 31

This compilation opens with a review of water productivity throughout the world, which may be a useful tool for water users and governments to establish their programs and strategies. The authors present the main technical aspects of modern surface irrigation systems, their capabilities for reducing water demand, and challenges for increasing water productivity. Additionally, the agronomic production, nutritional composition, human health benefits, nutritional breeding, and marketing opportunities regarding kale are reviewed. In one study, the authors attempt to characterize a hamburger sandwich made from cashew stalk, oat bran and cashew nut emulsion through an experimental study carried out between March and May of 2017. Subsequently, the histological factors of salt tolerance in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculated strawberry plants are evaluated. The authors provide an overview of the functionality of milk components in chocolate as well as the applications of milk powders in the manufacture of chocolate.