Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a chronic condition affecting the thyroid gland due to reduced levels of specific hormones. Its onset is gradual, often spanning months or even years, with symptoms accumulating over time, resulting in a distinctive clinical profile.

The primary form of the disorder affects approximately 4.6% of the population, with spontaneous cases occurring at a rate of 3.5 per 1000 individuals annually. Additionally, hypothyroidism may arise as a complication of aggressive treatment for hyperthyroidism, affecting around 0.6 per 1000 people.

Less common is the secondary form, constituting roughly 1% of all cases. Both genders are equally susceptible, with prevalence rates ranging from 1 per 16,000 to 1 per 100,000, varying due to age disparities and diverse disease etiologies.

The repercussions of hypothyroidism are profound, significantly diminishing quality of life by impacting cardiovascular function, blood pressure regulation, and reproductive health. In severe cases, it poses not only health risks but also life-threatening complications.